Use Astral uv

[cclauss]

Describe your change:

https://docs.astral.sh/uv

• Add an algorithm?
• Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
• Add or change doctests? -- Note: Please avoid changing both code and tests in a single pull request.
• Documentation change?

Checklist:

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
• All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
• All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
• All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
• All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
• All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
• All new algorithms include at least one URL that points to Wikipedia or another similar explanation.
• If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the description above includes the issue number(s) with a closing keyword: "Fixes #ISSUE-NUMBER".

[cclauss]

pre-commit.ci run

[dhruvmanila]

This is unrelated to this PR but maybe we should combine the "ruff.yml" workflow into a more general "lint.yml" where there are other linters as well in addition to Ruff and they can utilize the "lint" dependency group.

[cclauss]

So... This is a good question. Ruff is run both here and in pre-commit.ci with the other "lint" jobs. Here it is run with --output-format=github to give contributors clear GH annotations and in pre-commit without --output-format. Is there a way to run it just once on each PR but give GitHub Annotations on the GitHub UI but not on localhost?

[dhruvmanila]

Hmm, that's a good point. Does pre-commit support the GitHub annotation output format? If it does, we could just utilize that otherwise I'm not sure what to do. You might be interested in the new astral-sh/ruff-action@v2 which is a complete rewrite.